Docs: Update math formulation in Solver tab to reflect true operational constraints

app/dashboard.py

@@ -207,20 +207,24 @@ with tab2:
 # --- TAB 3: SOLVER ---
 with tab3:
     st.header("Mathematical Formulation")
-    st.latex(r"\min \sum_{t} \sum_{r} (c_{r} \cdot x_{r,t}) + \sum_{t} \sum_{d} (M \cdot s_{d,t})")
-    st.latex(r"\text{s.t.} \quad \sum_{m,e} (\text{cap}_{m} \cdot x_{m,e,r,t}) + s_{r,t} \ge \text{PAX}_{r,t} \quad \forall r, t")
+    st.latex(r"\min \sum_{m,e,r,t} (c_{m,e,r} \cdot x_{m,e,r,t})")
+    st.latex(r"\text{s.t.} \quad \sum_{m,e} (\text{cap}_{m} \cdot x_{m,e,r,t}) \ge \text{PAX}_{r,t} \quad \forall r, t")
     st.latex(r"\sum_{t_{start} \le T \le t_{start} + \text{pernoites}} x_{m,e,r,t_{start}} \le \text{MaxFleet}_{m,e} \quad \forall m, e, T")
+    st.latex(r"\text{TempoVoo}_{m,r} \cdot x_{m,e,r,t} \le \text{MaxHorasDia} \quad \forall m,e,r,t")
+    st.latex(r"\text{TempoMissao}_{m,r} \le \text{MaxDiasFora} \quad \forall m,r")
     
     st.markdown(r"""
-    **Dictionary of Variables:**
+    **Dictionary of Variables & Constraints:**
     - $x_{m,e,r,t}$: Decision Variable (Integer). Number of aircraft of model $m$, from squadron $e$, allocated to route $r$ on day $t$.
-    - $c_r$: Estimated total fuel cost for the route $r$ mission, including overnight stay penalties if applicable.
-    - $s_{r,t}$: Slack Variable. Represents the passenger demand that could **not** be met on that day due to fleet limitations.
-    - $M$: High Penalty (Big M). Imposed on the system for each unit of slack activated, forcing the solver to meet demand whenever possible.
+    - $c_{m,e,r}$: Total fuel cost function: $c_{m,e,r} = \left( \frac{\text{Dist}_r \cdot \text{PenAlcance}}{\text{Consumo}_m} \right) + (\text{Pernoites} \cdot \text{PenDiaria}_m)$.
+    - $\text{PenAlcance}$: Range Penalty. Applies a **25% penalty** multiplier ($1.25$) to the fuel burn if any leg of the mission exceeds the aircraft's maximum range.
+    - $\text{PenDiaria}_m$: Overnight Penalty. Equivalent to an extra daily fuel expenditure quota for each day the aircraft spends out of its base.
     - $\text{cap}_m$: Maximum passenger capacity (seats) of aircraft $m$.
     - $\text{PAX}_{r,t}$: Actual number of Air Force passengers needing to fly on route $r$ on day $t$.
     - $\text{MaxFleet}_{m,e}$: Total physical aircraft available in squadron $e$ for model $m$.
     - $T$: Temporal inspection window. Ensures aircraft blockade during overnight stays, preventing fleet duplication.
+    - $\text{MaxHorasDia}$: Maximum allowed flight time per day per aircraft (typically $12$ hours).
+    - $\text{MaxDiasFora}$: Maximum allowable time for a mission before returning to base (hard limit of $96$ hours / 4 days).
     """)
     
     if st.button("🚀 Run Global Optimization", type="primary"):